"President Clinton has been a strong and consistent
friend of Israel. And in a word, Dole has not."
Neuman, who acknowledged Clinton's support for Israel,
differed with Levine's casting of Dole.
For 30 years, Neuman said, Dole has been a "good friend"
of both American Jews and Israel -- all as a senator from a
state with a small Jewish constituency.
"He showed it long before it was in vogue," said Neuman,
who participated in the debate from Columbus, Ohio, via
speaker phone. "He has done it because it's the right thing
to do."
Since childhood, Dole has been friends with U.S. Sen. Arlen
Specter (R-Pa.), who is Jewish. Dole joined demonstrations to
free Soviet Jews in the 1970s. He attended American Israel
Public Affairs Committee policy conferences as far back as
1971. And last year, he co-sponsored a bill to move the U.S.
embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.
Levine countered that Dole's record on issues important
to America's Jews was strong early in his career, then slipped
until just recently.
At times, he said, Dole requested cuts in foreign aid to
Israel. In contrast to his co-sponsorship of last year's
embassy bill, Dole spoke out strongly against such a move in
1990. That same year, Levine said, Dole built an "unusually
friendly relationship" with Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein.
"I know it's a sensitive topic," Levine said.
But Neuman reminded the audience that then-U.S. Sen. Howard
Metzenbaum (D-Ohio), who is Jewish, also met with Hussein.
"What they were trying to do was stop a war," Neuman said,
adding that current Secretary of State Warren Christopher has
made 17 trips to Syria "to coddle" President Hafez Assad.
Guiding the debate were Los Angeles Times reporter Mary
Curtius and San Francisco Examiner executive editor Phil
Bronstein.
Curtius asked noted pollster Mervin Field, who also
participated, whether it was useless for Republicans to go
after the Jewish vote.
Because polls include so few Jews, Field said, "very
large and unwarranted conclusions are being made." But, he
added, Jews on the whole have voted overwhelmingly for
Democratic candidates since World War II.
The current 16-point lead Clinton holds over Dole in
national polls is doubled among Jews, estimated the founder
and director of the Field Poll.
With the exception of Israel issues, Field said, Jews vote
like the general population with similar education, income,
occupation and family size.
In surveys, 15 percent of Jews classify themselves as
conservative, 40 percent as moderate and 45 percent as liberal.
But when Jews answer specific questions, Field said, they
generally come out as "reasonably conservative" on economic
issues and liberal on social issues.
"It's the social issues that are driving them more than
economic issues," added Field, who is Jewish.
As a result, Dole's position on social issues also will
influence Jews.
Neuman described Dole as a fundamentally mainstream
candidate, along the lines of California Gov. Pete Wilson.
He accused the Democrats of trying to scare Jews by linking
Dole with the religious right.
Levine contended that national Republican candidates
today must curry the favor of the far right and the
religious right, particularly on policy regarding abortion
and church-state separation.
The test will come at the Republican convention in San
Diego this summer when Dole will have to decide how much of
a platform to give the far right's defeated presidential
candidate, Pat Buchanan.
"Will Bob Dole stand up to that in San Diego?" Levine
asked. "I don't know the answer."
But Neuman countered that mainstream Republican
governors will drive the Dole administration and Buchanan
"won't have a say."
ADL USA American Defense League
dedicated to American interests